Answer to Question 1
Reliability is an indicator of a measure's internal consistency. A measure is reliable when different attempts at measuring something converge on the same result. When a measuring process provides reproducible results, the measuring instrument is reliable. Internal consistency is a term used to represent a measure's homogeneity and can be measured by correlating scores on subsets of items making up a scale. The split-half method of checking reliability is performed by taking half the items from a scale (e.g., odd-numbered items) and checking them against the results from the other half (even-numbered items). The two scale halves should correlate highly. Coefficient alpha is the most commonly applied estimate of a composite scale's reliability by computing the average of all possible split-half reliabilities from a multiple-item scale. This coefficient demonstrates whether or not the different items converge and ranges from 0 to 1, with values between 0.80 and 0.96 considered to have very good reliability. The test-retest method of determining reliability involves administering the same scale or measure on the same respondents at two separate times to test for stability.
Answer to Question 2
B
Definition of affective strategy
Tanner Scale
Apparent Magnitude Scale
The geomagnetic polarity time scale shows how Earth’s magnetic pole has changed through geologic tim
Historian James Merrell notes several errors in Benjamin West’s famous 1771 painting, William Penn’s
Measles rash. (© Lowell Georgia/Science Source/Photo Researchers, Inc.)
Tornado Intensity – Enhanced Fujita Scale