Answer to Question 1
Barriers to entry can be divided into legal barriers, ownership barriers, natural barriers. Legal barriers occur when government action blocks competition in a market. For instance, the government could grant a public franchise, government license, patent, or copyright. In all cases, the government action prevents other firms from entering the market. Ownership barriers occur when a firm buys a significant portion of a natural resource. For instance, DeBeers controls over 80 percent of the world's diamond market. The last barrier to entry is a natural barrier. A natural barrier to entry occurs when economies of scale are so large that they make it possible for one firm to meet the entire market demand at a lower price than could two or more firms. In this case, the market will naturally evolve to become a monopoly as a larger firm uses its cost advantage to cut its price and drive its high-cost, smaller competitors out of business.
Answer to Question 2
C