Answer to Question 1
If the nominal interest rate in Autarkia rises sharply after a change in government policy, both consumption and investment will fall. As a result, labor demand will fall. If wages are downwardly rigid, this will lead to a large increase in unemployment. As more workers become unemployed, the number of mortgage defaults, household bankruptcies, and firm bankruptcies will increase. This, in turn, further reduces consumption and investment.
Answer to Question 2
B