Answer to Question 1
In order to restore price stability (i.e., lower the rate of inflation) you could (1) sell government securities, (2) raise reserve requirements on bank deposits, (3) raise the discount rate, and/or (4) increase the interest rate the Fed pays on bank reserves.. You could also try to use moral suasion and urge banks to be more selective in making loans. This is all contractionary monetary policy. If the problem was persistent high unemployment, you would want to use expansionsary policy, which would reverse your policy recommendations--(1) buy government securities, (2) lower reserve requirements on bank deposits, (3) lower the discount rate, and/or (4) decrease the interest rate the Fed pays on bank reserves..
Answer to Question 2
c