Vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers often aim to
a. Prevent the retailers from defeating upstream price discrimination through arbitrage
b. Reward the manufacturer for undertaking the risk inherent in introducing a new product
c. Serve as a signal of the retailer's belief of the likely success of his product
d. All of the above
Question 2
In pure competition:
a. the optimal price-output solution occurs at the point where marginal revenue is equal to price
b. a firm's demand curve is represented by a horizontal line
c. a firm is a price-taker since the products of every producer are perfect substitutes for the products of every other producer
d. a and b only
e. a, b, and c
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Flexible exchange rates are supposed to prevent long-term trade deficits.