Crack and powder cocaine have the same physiological and psychotropic effects but are handled very differently for sentencing purposes. On average, prison sentences for crack offenses are three to six times longer than those for offenses involving equal amounts of powder. Most defendants convicted of crack offenses in federal court are black, whereas most convicted of powder cocaine offense are white. This situation is an example of
a. covert discrimination c. normative discrimination
b. corporate discrimination d. institutionalized discrimination
Question 2
The U.S. Department of Justice has identified at least 33 real estate companies in nine states whose agents steer African Americans away from predominantly white areas and into predominantly minority areas. In sociological terms, this practice is an example of
a. individual discrimination. c. redlining.
b. racism. d. prejudice.