Answer to Question 1
Traditional authority is power that is legitimized on the basis of long-standing custom. In
preindustrial societies, the authority of traditional leaders, such as kings, queens,
pharaohs, emperors, and religious dignitaries, is usually grounded in religious beliefs and
custom. Members of subordinate classes obey a traditional leader's edicts out of
economic and political dependency and sometimes personal loyalty. As societies
industrialize, traditional authority is challenged by a more complex division of labor and
by the wider diversity of people. Charismatic authority is power legitimized on the basis
of a leader's exceptional personal qualities or the demonstration of extraordinary insight
and accomplishment that inspire loyalty and obedience from followers. Charismatic
authority tends to be temporary and relatively unstable it derives primarily from
individual leaders (who may change their minds, leave office, or die) and from an
administrative structure usually limited to a small number of faithful followers. The
most stable form of authority is rationallegal authority, which is legitimized and
encoded in written laws and regulations. With rationallegal authority, the power is
invested in the position or office, not in the individual person who occupies it.
Answer to Question 2
b
Basic Types of Energy
Trilobite hypostome types based on attachment
Bone Fracture Types
Structures of four common types of DNA-binding motifs from eukaryotic transcription factors
Sand Dune Types
Using the measuring device to give the correct dose to children