Mobs, riots, and panics are examples of __________ crowds. a. ...

[awywial]

Mobs, riots, and panics are examples of __________ crowds.
 
  a. acting b. casual
 c. expressive d. conventional

Question 2

Distinguish among the different types of religious organizations.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[itsakadoozi]

Answer to Question 1

a

Answer to Question 2

Religious groups vary in their organizational structure. Sociologists have developed

typologies or ideal types of religious organizations so they can better study a wide

variety of religious groups. The most common categorization sets forth four types:

ecclesia, church, sect, and cult. Some countries have an official or state religion known

as the ecclesiaa religious organization that is so integrated into the dominant culture

that it claims as its membership all members of a society. Membership in the ecclesia

occurs as a result of being born into the society, rather than by any conscious decision

on the part of the individual members. A church is a large, bureaucratically organized

religious organization that tends to seek accommodation with the larger society in order

to maintain some degree of control over it. Church membership is largely based on

birth typically, children of church members are baptized as infants and become lifelong

members of the church. Churches have a bureaucratic structure, and leadership is

hierarchically arranged. Usually, the clergy have many years of formal education.

Churches have very restrained services that appeal to the intellect rather than the

emotions. Midway between the church and the sect is the denominationa large

organized religion characterized by accommodation to society but frequently lacking in

ability or intention to dominate society. Denominations have a trained ministry, and

although involvement by lay members is encouraged more than in the church, their

participation is usually limited to particular activities, such as readings or prayers.

Denominations tend to be more tolerant and are less likely than churches to expel or

excommunicate members. This form of organization is most likely to thrive in societies

characterized by religious pluralisma situation in which many religious groups exist

because they have a special appeal to specific segments of the population. Perhaps

because of its diversity, the United States has more denominations than any other

nation. A sect is a relatively small religious group that has broken away from another

religious organization to renew what it views as the original version of the faith. Unlike

churches, sects offer members a more personal religion and an intimate relationship

with a supreme being, who is depicted as taking an active interest in the individual's

everyday life. A new religious movement, formerly termed a cult, is a loosely organized

religious group with practices and teachings outside the dominant culture and religious

traditions of a society. Leadership is based on charismatic characteristics of the

individual leader, including an unusual ability to communicate and to form attachments

with other members.

[awywial]

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