In the early 1980s, there was a movement in the U.S. to humanize bureaucracyto establish an organizational environment that develops rather than impedes human resources. More humane bureaucracies are characterized by:
a. more rigid hierarchical structures and concentration of power and responsibility at the top.
b. encouragement of participants to share their ideas and try new approaches to problem solving.
c. increasing numbers of people in dead-end jobs and part-time positions.
d. unequal treatment for people with outside family responsibilities.
Question 2
When discriminatory behavior is routinely carried out by a number of dominant-group members and is supported by the norms of the immediate organization or community, these actions are termed __________.
a. small-group discrimination
b. isolate discrimination
c. indirect institutionalized discrimination
d. direct institutionalized discrimination
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