Which statement best summarizes the research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy?
a. Behavioral therapy is more effective than psychoanalytic therapy in all cases.
b. There are no significant differences in outcomes (e.g., levels of depression) between those who have undergone psychotherapy and those who have not.
c. Psychoanalytic therapy is best for treating people with long-standing personality disorders.
d. There are no significant differences in the overall effectiveness of behavior therapy, humanistic therapy, and psychoanalytic therapy.
Question 2
In a controlled experiment, a new treatment for test anxiety has shown to be effective in reducing treated clients' scores on an anxiety test. However, these clients report that they do not notice a difference in their anxiety after treatment. The change is probably ____.
a. not statistically significant
b. not clinically significant
c. neither statistically nor clinically significant
d. not reliable but valid
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