Answer to Question 1
Michel Foucault pertains to the postmodern theories of deviance and social control.
From this perspective, knowledge is a particularly important source of power and social
control. The panopticon is a structure from which prison officials are to able observe
all aspects of a prisoner's daily life, continually. A tower in the middle of the prison
yard is an example. The knowledge that they are under constant surveillance makes
prisoners more vulnerable to authority. Others have suggested that computers,
smartphones, and social media are modern panopticons, permitting corporate
supervisors and government officials to closely monitor an individual and their
communications with others.
Answer to Question 2
b
