Answer to Question 1
The following are suggested areas for students to address in their essays: Describe the research that Zellner conducted.
Discuss whether or not you believe this research was ethical.
Answer to Question 2
Individuals frequently distance themselves from a role they find extremely stressful or
otherwise problematic. Role distancing involves intentional behavior meant to foster the
impression of a lack of commitment or attachment to a particular role. In role
distancing, one merely goes through the motions of role performance. Role exit occurs
when people disengage from social roles that have been central to their self-identity.
Ebaugh describes four stages of role exit. The first stage is doubt, in which people
reflect on their existing roles. The second stage involves a search for alternatives here,
people may take a leave of absence from their work or temporarily separate from their
marriage partner. The third stage is the turning point, at which people realize that they
must take some final action, such as quitting their job or getting a divorce. The fourth
and final stage involves the creation of a new identity.
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