Author Question: Explain how industrialization and urbanization motivated the emergence of sociology, the systematic ... (Read 61 times)

mpobi80 · **on:** Jul 2, 2018

Explain how industrialization and urbanization motivated the emergence of sociology, the systematic study of society.

What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

According to Auguste Comte, societies contain _____, which are forces for social order and stability.

a. social statics b. social dynamics
c. social choices d. social functions

yotaSR5 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 2, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Massive economic, technological, and social changes occurred as machine technology

and the factory system shifted the economic base from agriculture to manufacturing. A

new social class of industrialists emerged in textiles, iron smelting, and related

industries. Many people who had labored on the land were forced to leave their tightly

knit rural communities and sacrifice well-defined social relationships to seek

employment as factory workers in the emerging cities, which became the centers of

industrial work. The development of the factory system led to a rapid increase in both

the number of cities and the size of the population. People from very diverse

backgrounds worked together in the same factory. At the same time, many people

shifted from being producers to being consumers. These living and working conditions

led to the development of new social problems: inadequate housing, crowding,

unsanitary conditions, poverty, pollution, and crime. Wages were so low that entire

familiesincluding very young childrenwere forced to work, often under hazardous

conditions and with no job security. As these conditions became more visible, a new

breed of social thinkers turned its attention to trying to understand why and how society

was changing.

Answer to Question 2

a