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When blood is exposed to air, it clots. Heparin allows the blood to come in direct contact with air without clotting.
About 60% of newborn infants in the United States are jaundiced; that is, they look yellow. Kernicterus is a form of brain damage caused by excessive jaundice. When babies begin to be affected by excessive jaundice and begin to have brain damage, they become excessively lethargic.
The toxic levels for lithium carbonate are close to the therapeutic levels. Signs of toxicity include fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, nausea, general discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscular weakness, lack of coordination, ataxia, giddiness, tinnitus, and blurred vision.
Increased intake of vitamin D has been shown to reduce fractures up to 25% in older people.
In 1844, Charles Goodyear obtained the first patent for a rubber condom.