Answer to Question 1
parents' income or social class, starting position
Answer to Question 2
Marx argued that some people own the means of production (farms, factories) and others work for them. Ownership leads to control. Capitalists or the bourgeoisie are the owners, and the working classes or proletariat are forced to become wage laborers or go hungry. Capitalists receive the profits while wage laborers live in perpetual poverty. The classes were in conflict, and eventually the proletariat would organize, rebel, and overthrow capitalism in favor of socialism, where the workers would own the means of production.