Answer to Question 1
Women have been the object of collective violence by men throughout history. There are many reasons for this, one being the superior strength and size of men as compared to women. Domestic violence, forcible rape, acquaintance rape, and homicide are just a few of the areas in which women have been violently victimized. Women fear strangers as potential assailants, though research indicates that most rape victims know their attacker. Some sexually assaulted women are reluctant to report the crime, especially if the assault was carried out by an acquaintance. Regarding murder, women account for 22 percent of the nation's homicide victims and 11 percent of the killers. This implies women are much more often killed by men, and are much less often the killers of men.
Answer to Question 2
The glass ceiling is the invisible barrier that keeps women from reaching top levels in the workplace. Women are stereotyped as being less capable of leadership than men but stronger in support positions such as public relations and human resources. Women are also less likely to have mentors who assist them in developing skills that open the doors to executive positions. Conversely, men who work in traditionally female jobs as nurses, elementary school teachers, librarians, or social workers find themselves promoted and being given high-level positions, better work assignments, and higher pay than women with equal training and experience. The ongoing stereotype dictates that someone who is a male is more capable, regardless of the field or the job.
The greenhouse effect.
Gas Solubility - Effect of pressure
American women operating machine lathes in a munitions factory.
Work and Gender: Women at Work in India
Algorithm for assessing a patient at risk for self-directed violence.
Effect of cooperative substrate binding on enzyme kinetics