Answer to Question 1
National family planning programs involve governmental efforts to lower birthrates by funding programs that provide birth control information and services. With family planning programs, families voluntarily decide whether to limit the number of children they have. Most countries, including both developing and developed nations, now have official family planning programs.
Until President Lyndon Johnson's 1965 State of the Union Address, family planning was not considered a proper concern for our government. In that address, President Johnson stated that 5 spent on family planning was worth 100 invested in some other area of world economic development. In 1966 the federal government developed regulations that, for the first time, allowed federal funds to provide family planning services to welfare clients on a voluntary basis. The avowed purpose of this policy (which was widely criticized) was not phrased in terms of family planning goals. Rather, the stated objectives were to reduce the welfare burden by lowering the illegitimacy rate and to break the poverty cycle by decreasing the transmission of poverty from one generation to another. The National Center for Family Planning Services was established by the passage of the Family Planning Services and Population Research Act of 1970. This act recognized that family planning was part of the delivery of comprehensive health services for all. In 1972 Congress mandated that family planning services be provided to all welfare recipients who desired them. At that time, contraceptive policy changes were also made, lifting restrictions on marital status and age for receiving birth control information and devices.
Answer to Question 2
d
The Red-throated Bee-eater (Merops bullocki) is a species of bird in the Meropidae family.
Role of DISC1 in the Development of Schizophrenia
Role of PKM-zeta in Long-Lasting Long-Term Potentiation
The role of substrate specificity in the mechanism of enzyme action.
The Mulleta family of Ethiopia, described in the opening vignette.
The family described in Example Case 5