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Bacteria have flourished on the earth for over three billion years. They were the first life forms on the planet.
The average human gut is home to perhaps 500 to 1,000 different species of bacteria.
Though Candida and Aspergillus species are the most common fungal pathogens causing invasive fungal disease in the immunocompromised, infections due to previously uncommon hyaline and dematiaceous filamentous fungi are occurring more often today. Rare fungal infections, once accurately diagnosed, may require surgical debridement, immunotherapy, and newer antifungals used singly or in combination with older antifungals, on a case-by-case basis.
In women, pharmacodynamic differences include increased sensitivity to (and increased effectiveness of) beta-blockers, opioids, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and typical antipsychotics.
For pediatric patients, intravenous fluids are the most commonly cited products involved in medication errors that are reported to the USP.