Answer to Question 1
(Answer: c)
Answer to Question 2
Gender means the personal traits and life chances that a society links to being female or male.
Gender is not the same as sex, the biological distinction between females and males.
Sex is determined biologically as an embryo is conceived.
Gender is a societal construction that shapes the entire lives of women and men, affecting the amount of schooling they receive, the kind of work they do, and how much money they earn.