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It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
Interferon was scarce and expensive until 1980, when the interferon gene was inserted into bacteria using recombinant DNA technology, allowing for mass cultivation and purification from bacterial cultures.
Bacteria have flourished on the earth for over three billion years. They were the first life forms on the planet.
On average, someone in the United States has a stroke about every 40 seconds. This is about 795,000 people per year.
In the United States, an estimated 50 million unnecessary antibiotics are prescribed for viral respiratory infections.