Answer to Question 1
The basic model of helping behavior views it as the result of a decision-making process involving many considerations. First, one considers the ambiguity of the situation. Helping behavior is much more likely in situations that clearly require assistance. Second, the perceived cost is considered. People will be reluctant to help if they believe it will be costly to them. Third, there is a concept called diffusion of responsibility. Paradoxically, when more potential helpers are present, the chances of
anyone actually helping are reduced. Fourth, people are more likely to help others who are similar. There are also effects of mood and gender. Being in a good mood makes
it more likely that a person will help someone else in need. People are generally more willing to help a female in need than a male. There is also a consideration of the
causes of need. Innocent victims are more likely to receive assistance than those who are perceived to deserve their situation. Finally, social norms are considered.
Answer to Question 2
e
The Environment Influences Gene Expression
Preschoolers benefit from helping with meal preparation, especially with foods they like
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Caudate Nucleus and Stereotyped Behavior in Autism
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The behavior of the components during the triplet-binding assay