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The familiar sounds of your heart are made by the heart's valves as they open and close.
IgA antibodies protect body surfaces exposed to outside foreign substances. IgG antibodies are found in all body fluids. IgM antibodies are the first type of antibody made in response to an infection. IgE antibody levels are often high in people with allergies. IgD antibodies are found in tissues lining the abdomen and chest.
Drug-induced pharmacodynamic effects manifested in older adults include drug-induced renal toxicity, which can be a major factor when these adults are experiencing other kidney problems.
Once thought to have neurofibromatosis, Joseph Merrick (also known as "the elephant man") is now, in retrospect, thought by clinical experts to have had Proteus syndrome. This endocrine disease causes continued and abnormal growth of the bones, muscles, skin, and so on and can become completely debilitating with severe deformities occurring anywhere on the body.
Between 1999 and 2012, American adults with high total cholesterol decreased from 18.3% to 12.9%
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![Laparoscopy. A lighted endoscope specialized for insertion into the abdomen, called a laparoscope, i](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_16_10_12_12_29_16_94431165.jpeg)
![In 2008, the U.S. economy suffered a gaping wound as several trillion dollars were ripped out of it.](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_262797_12_08_15_1_33_47_22176335.png)