Answer to Question 1
1. True (vertebrosternal) ribs, which include the upper ribs (1-7), all of which are directly attached to the sternum.
2. False (vertebrochondral) ribs, which include ribs 8, 9, and 10, and are attached to the sternum through cartilage.
3. Floating (vertebral) ribs (ribs 11 and 12), which articulate only with the vertebral column.
Answer to Question 2
The three major structures of respiration are:
1. Bony thorax, which contains the vertebrae, vertebral column, ribs, pectoral girdle, sternum, and pelvic girdle.
2. Visceral thorax, which contains the respiratory passageway, lungs, and the mediastinum.
3. Muscles of respiration, which contain the diaphragm, accessory muscles of inspiration, accessory muscles of expiration, and muscles of postural control.
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