The term negative reinforcement can best be described as a situation in which:
a. Something the learner wants is presented after a response
b. Something the learner wants is taken away after a response
c. Something the learner doesn't want is presented after a response
d. Something the learner doesn't want is taken away after a response
Question 2
A police officer visits Ms. Duhaime's first-grade class one morning to talk about safety precautions at home and on the street. The students listen quietly and attentively while the officer speaks.
At the end of the visit, the officer and teacher agree that the students' good behavior warrants some kind of reinforcement. Given what we know about effective reinforcers at different grade levels, their best choice would be:
a. An official-looking good behavior certificate given at the school's award ceremony the following week
b. Plastic toy police badges handed out just before the officer leaves
c. A letter home to parents describing the children's good behavior
d. Twenty minutes of free time at the end of the day
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