Which of the following statements accurately describes T scores? ...

[c0205847]

Which of the following statements accurately describes T scores?
 
  a. They indicate how far a standard score is from the mean of a distribution.
  b. A T score of 50 is equivalent to a z score of zero.
  c. They indicate student performance with reference to a nine-point scale.
  d. A T score of 65 indicates a below average performance.

Question 2

Describe the status of research on the effects of corporal punishment (spanking) on children's behavior.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[14vl19]

Answer to Question 1

B

Answer to Question 2

Although Elizabeth Gershoff concluded, after reviewing eighty-eight studies, that corporal punishment was strongly associated with such negative behaviors and experiences as low internalization of moral rules, aggression, delinquent and antisocial behavior, and low-quality parent-child relationships, Diana Baumrind and colleagues challenged those findings. Baumrind took exception to the fact that Gershoff included studies in which the punishment used was more severe than most parents would administer. When those studies were dropped from the analysis, the relationship between corporal punishment and subsequent aggressive behavior by children was still positive but considerably weaker. Baumrind et al. concluded that the current research did not support a blanket condemnation of spanking.