Answer to Question 1
The five-stage group development model characterizes groups as proceeding through five distinct stages: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning.
1. Forming is characterized by a great deal of uncertainty about the group's purpose, structure, and leadership. Members are testing the waters to determine what types of behavior are acceptable.
2. In the storming stage, members accept the existence of the group, but there is resistance to the constraints that the group imposes on individuality. There is conflict over who will control the group.
3. The third stage is one in which close relationships develop and the group demonstrates cohesiveness. There is now a strong sense of group identity and camaraderie. This norming stage is complete when the group structure solidifies and the group has assimilated a common set of expectations of what defines correct member behavior.
4. The fourth stage is performing. The structure at this point is fully functional and accepted. Group energy has moved from getting to know and understand each other to performing the task at hand.
5. In the adjourning stage, the group prepares for its disbandment. High task performance is no longer the group's top priority. Instead, attention is directed toward wrapping up activities.
Answer to Question 2
A
Explanation: A) With flextime, employees can schedule their work hours to align with personal demands, reducing tardiness and absences, and they can work when they are most productive.
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