According to Michael Porter's framework, which of the following ...

[strangeaffliction]

According to Michael Porter's framework, which of the following is not one of the five forces within an industry?
 
  A) The threat of new entrants
  B) Technology
  C) Intensity of rivalry
  D) Customers

Question 2

What is bottom-up change and how does it begin?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[dpost18]

Answer to Question 1

B

Answer to Question 2

A bottom-up change originates with employees. Bottom-up changes are put into effect more slowly than top-down changes. They generally begin with a series of meetings between employees and supervisors. Next, the change is discussed in meetings between supervisors and middle managers, then finally it is examined and approved or modified in meetings between managers and top executives.