Answer to Question 1
C
Explanation: C) Joanna first needs to satisfy her basic physiological needs, which include hunger, thirst, shelter, sex, and other bodily needs.
Answer to Question 2
C
Explanation: C) According to Theory X, managers believe employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it. Per Theory X, a manager would not trust employees and would feel inclined to control all aspects of their work.