Answer to Question 1
Some of the competitive strategies that are based on business processes include:
1. Locking in customersorganizati ons can lock in customers by making it difficult or expensive for customers to switch to another product. This strategy is also called establishing high switching costs.
2. Locking in suppliersorganizati ons can lock in suppliers by making it difficult to switch to another organization, or, stated positively, by making it easy to connect to and work with the organization.
3. Creating entry barrierscompetitive advantage can be gained by creating entry barriers that make it difficult and expensive for new competition to enter the market.
4. Establishing alliancesanother means to gain competitive advantage is to establish alliances with other organizations. Such alliances establish standards, promote product awareness and needs, develop market size, reduce purchasing costs, and provide other benefits.
5. Reducing costsorganizations can gain competitive advantage by creating better business processes at reduced costs. Such reductions enable the organization to reduce prices and/or increase profitability.
Answer to Question 2
An in-memory database management system (DBMS) consists of DBMS products that process databases in main memory. This technique has become possible because today's computer memories can be enormous and can hold an entire database at one time, or at least very large chunks of it. Usually these products support or extend the relational model. SAP HANA is a computer with an in-memory DBMS that provides high-volume ACID transaction support simultaneously with complex relational query processing. Tableau Software's reporting products are supported by a proprietary in-memory DBMS using an extension to SQL.