Answer to Question 1
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Answer to Question 2
Before starting the normalization process, the relation must be in first normal form, which means that it meets the basic requirements of being a relation. The first step of the normalization process is to identify all the candidate keys in the relation. The second step is to identify all the functional dependencies in the relation. Third, check to see if all the identified determinants are candidate keys. If all determinants are candidate keys, the relation is well-formed and nothing more needs to be done. On the other hand, if any of the determinants is not a candidate key, the relation is not well-formed, and it is necessary to: (1 ) place the columns of that functional dependency into a new relation, (2 ) make the determinant of that functional dependency the primary key of the new relation, (3 ) leave a copy of the determinant in the original relation as a foreign key, and (4 ) create a referential integrity constraint between the original relation and the new relation. This process should be repeated for every relation until every determinant in a relation is a candidate key of that relation.
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