Answer to Question 1
Amnesia is severe loss of explicit memory. One type is retrograde amnesia, in which individuals lose their purposeful memory for events before whatever trauma induces memory loss. Mild forms of retrograde amnesia can occur fairly commonly when someone sustains a concussion. Usually, events immediately before the concussive episode are not well remembered. Anterograde amnesia is the inability to remember events that occur after a traumatic event.
Answer to Question 2
Three main types of recall tasks are used in experiments: serial recall, free recall, and cued recall. In serial recall, you recall items in the exact order in which they were presented. The second kind of task is free recall, in which you recall items in any order you choose. The third kind of task is cued recall, in which you are first shown items in pairs, but during recall you are cued with only one member of each pair and are asked to recall each mate. Cued recall is also called paired-associates recall..
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