Answer to Question 1
One answer might be that we should depend upon the Federal Trade Commission Fair Information Practice Principles and that as long as these principles are not ignored or overset, personal privacy does not conflict with homeland security. This is a weak argument. Other issues involve online privacy, employee monitoring, tradeoffs between security and privacy and good business results versus privacy.
Answer to Question 2
Implementing a new system, especially a large one from a commercial vendor, often means engaging consulting services to help configure, customize, and launch the software. One advantage of engaging consultants is that it gives an organization access to experts who know the software well. Experienced consultants have seen how different companies implement the product most effectively, and they know where the trouble spots are. Another advantage of consulting services is that the organization does not have to assign so many key people to the project full-time and then backfill their positions. However, there are also disadvantages of working with consultants. The organization's own employees will be less involved in many of the development and implementation tasks, so they will miss opportunities to learn the ins and outs of the software. They may also feel less ownership of the project and be less committed to all the changes that new processes will mean to their units.
Answer to Question 3
During the early phases of the SDLC, IT staff and business users should be systematically exploring the landscape of prepackaged software that might fit the organization's needs. As the list of user requirements develops, a request for information (RFI) is sent out to a large number of potential vendors to serve as their initial market scan of the options. The RFI describes the new system in broad, high-level terms, and interested vendors send responses describing their products and services. The steering committee decides whether to proceed with the design phase or buy. If the responses to the RFI and the committee's own research show some possible prepackaged options, the committee will develop a request for proposal (RFP), which is an invitation to software companies to submit a formal proposal, including a detailed description of their products, services, and costs. This invitation is sent to the most promising commercial vendors and possibly also to companies that specialize in implementing open-source products.
Answer to Question 4
B
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