Which of the following is generally conceded to be a key component of formative assessment?
A. Data obtained via standardized achievement tests
B. A heavy emphasis on using students' classroom test results as a dominant factor in determining students' grades
C. The framework provided by a learning progression's building blocks
D. A teacher's exclusive reliance on the collection of data using constructed-response tests.
Question 2
After attending a professional development session on using activities related to the multiple intelligences, a first-grade teacher wants to plan a theme on letter recognition that considers children's different ways of being smart. What is the most effective way to do this?
A) Have students focus on a different letter of the alphabet each day during handwriting and provide practice in matching upper and lower case letters.
B) Set up learning centers where children write letters in sand with their fingertip, use a word processing program to make a collage of one letter in different fonts, build letters out of various materials (e.g., toothpicks, string dipped in white glue, fabric cut with pinking shears, etc.), and sing alphabet songs at the listening center.
C) Read children a variety of alphabet books and point out each letter and sound to them during letter of the week activities.
D) Have children collect examples of environmental print for each letter and share with the class.
Mutualisms, such as those that occur among plants and pollinators, generally involve large numbers o
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