When leaders work to remove obstacles and barriers while ...

[Mr3Hunna]

When leaders work to remove obstacles and barriers while employees have self-control and self-discipline and are rewarded by their involvement in their work, they are working under which theory?
 
  a. Hierarchy of needs c. Theory Z
  b. Two-factor theory d. Theory Y

Question 2

Which of the following motivation theories and models contains: collective decision making, long-term employment, use of quality circles, and holistic concern and mentoring?
 
  a. Theory X c. Theory Z
  b. Theory Y d. McClelland's model

[Swizqar]

Answer to Question 1

D
Douglas McGregor's (1960) theory Y espoused that leaders must remove work obstacles and barriers while workers have self-discipline and self-control in their work and the reward is the opportunity to be involved in their work and be creative. Ouchi's (1981) theory Z focuses primarily upon collective decision making, long-term employment, and a holistic concern. Herzberg's (1968) two-factor theory is based on hygiene maintenance factors such as adequate salary and job security as well as motivation factors to maintain a satisfied work force. Maslow's (1970) hierarchy of needs is based upon a series of human needs ranging from physiological to self-actualization to describe human behavior.

Answer to Question 2

C
Ouchi's (Shortell & Kaluzney, 2006) theory Z noted the following four qualities: 1) collective decision making, 2) long-term employment, 3) use of quality circles, and 4) holistic concern and mentoring. Theory X includes two primary areas: security (direction and minimal responsibility emphasis) and coercion (threats and punishment necessary). Theory Y includes: people enjoy work and are disciplined and creative in getting work done. McClelland's model includes three primary areas: achievement, power, and affiliation.