Answer to Question 1
A
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Description of phenomena is an important purpose of research. In descriptive studies, researchers count, delineate, and classify. Nurse researchers have described a wide variety of phenomena, such as patients' stress, health beliefs, and so on. Quantitative description focuses on the prevalence, size, and measurable aspects of phenomena. Qualitative researchers describe the nature, dimensions, and salience of phenomena
Answer to Question 2
2
Rationale 1: A large sample size is required to account for the influence of a variable that cannot be controlled on the study.
Rationale 2: In this case there is a higher likelihood of each element being very similar to the other so a small size is sufficient. It is unlikely that addition of elements to the sample would provide the researcher with additional unique data. Homogenous populations may be studied through small sample sizes.
Rationale 3: A large sample size is required to obtain sufficient elements to account for the small differences on the variable of interest.
Rationale 4: Sample size must be increased to assure inclusion of members of each of the subgroups.