The nurse graphs the distribution of influenza cases by the time ...

[stephzh]

The nurse graphs the distribution of influenza cases by the time of onset of influenza. Which would be the result of this work?
 
  A) Epidemic curve
  B) Epidemiologic descriptive study
  C) Incidence density
  D) Incidence rate

Question 2

The nurse is conducting research on the relative risk of acquiring lung cancer as a result of being exposed to secondhand smoke. The nurse is studying two different groups.
 
  Group A includes 400 adults who do not smoke but are exposed to secondhand smoke in their home on a daily basis. Group B includes 400 adults who do not smoke and are not exposed to secondhand smoke in their home. Over the course of 10 years, 20 subjects in Group A are diagnosed with lung cancer, whereas only 2 subjects in Group B are diagnosed with lung cancer. Which is the relative risk ratio that would result from this study?
  A) 0.5
  B) 1
  C) 5
  D) 10

[jomama]

Answer to Question 1

Ans: A
Feedback:
An epidemic curve is a graph that plots the distribution of cases by the time of onset of the disease. Epidemiologic descriptive studies are research studies designed to acquire more information about the occurrence and distribution of states of health, such as characteristics of person, place, and time. Incidence density is the use of a person-time denominator in the calculation of rates. A person-day reflects one person at risk for 1 day, and a person-year represents one person at risk for 1 year. Incidence rate is the measure of the probability that people without a certain condition will develop that condition over a period of time.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: D
Feedback:
Relative risk ratio compares the incidence rate of a group exposed to a certain risk factor with the incidence rate of a group not exposed to the risk factor. It is calculated by dividing the incidence rate in the exposed group by the incidence rate in the nonexposed group. In this case, we need to first calculate the separate incidence rates for Group A and Group B and then divide to find the relative risk ratio. The incidence rate for Group A is calculated as follows: 20/400 = 0.05  1,000 = 50 cases per 1,000 population. The incidence rate for Group B is calculated as follows: 2/400 = 0.005  1,000 = 5 cases per 1,000 population. The relative risk ratio, then, is calculated as follows: 50/5 = 10.

[stephzh]

Thank you

[jomama]

Happy to help you