Answer to Question 1
Ans: B
Public policy applies to all members of a society and includes prescribed sanctions for failure to comply. Policy that promotes the welfare of the public is termed social welfare policy. Organizational policy is formed and applies to groups who have similar interests or special interests, such as professional associations. Institutional policy governs work sites. Institutional policies are based on the institution's mission and goals, and they determine how the institution will function and relate to employees.
Answer to Question 2
Ans: C
Conflicts, misunderstandings, and barriers to effective health care will be reduced only by commitment to gain knowledge about the popular sector, where health beliefs and health practices are activated and where 70 to 90 of all illness episodes are recognized and treated. The nursing profession's commitment to health and holism and its capacity to understand complex sociocultural responses to real and potential health problems make it the most logical choice for a professional segment to act as a client advocate in facilitating interactions between the sectors.