Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
Control means having the power to direct or manipulate factors to achieve a desired outcome. The idea of control is very important to research, particularly to experimental and quasi-experimental studies. The greater the amount of control the researcher has of the study situation, the more credible the study findings. The purpose of the research design is to maximize control factors in the study situation. The term bias means to slant away from the true or expected. A biased opinion has failed to include both sides of the question. Correlational research examines linear relationships between two or more variables and determines the type (positive or negative) and degree (strength) of the relationship, not cause.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
The first assumptions one must make in examining causality are that things have causes and that causes lead to effects. The original criteria for causation required that a variable should cause an identified effect each time the cause occurred. Probability addresses relative, rather than absolute, causality. From a perspective of probability, a cause will not produce a specific effect each time that particular cause occurs. The reasoning behind probability is more in keeping with the complexity of multicausality. The purpose of an experimental design is to examine cause and effect. The independent variable in a study is expected to be the cause, and the dependent variable is expected to reflect the effect of the independent variable.
Division of labour among castes of leafcutter ants, Atta sexdens, and naked mole rats, Heterocephalu
Several common functional groups in a single biomolecule
Table 6.1 illustrates the main regime types and their differences. It breaks the regimes into four
Maze-dull rats did not make significantly more errors than maze-bright rats when both groups were ...
Functional Groups of Carbon
The gradient of the B allele of the ABO blood groups from East to West is due to waves of migration