Author Question: Which of the following identified the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and ... (Read 47 times)

codyclark · **on:** Jul 8, 2018

Which of the following identified the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice as relevant to the conduct of research using human subjects in the United States?

a. Declaration of Helsinki
b. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations
c. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects ordinance
d. Nuremberg Code

Question 2

The first internationally recognized effort to establish ethical standards was the:

a. Belmont Report from NIH.
b. Declaration of Helsinki.
c. Institutional review board code.
d. Nuremberg Code.

britb2u · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 8, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research was formed in the United States in 1978. This commission developed ethical research guidelines based on the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.
A major focus of the Declaration of Helsinki was the differentiation of therapeutic research from nontherapeutic research.
The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations were published in 1973 providing for the protection of human research subjects.
The development of the Nuremberg Code in 1949 addressed the mistreatment of human subjects.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
The mistreatment of the Nazi prisoners of war during World War II led to the development of the Nuremberg Code in 1949.
The Belmont report did not come out until 1978 and began regulation of research funded by the government.
The Declaration of Helsinki was adopted in 1964.
Institutional review boards follow guidelines for protection of human subjects.