Outcomes research in health care is oriented toward establishing: ...

[lunatika]

Outcomes research in health care is oriented toward establishing:
 
  a. characteristics and description of nursing phenomena.
  b. critical indicators.
  c. predictive relationships.
  d. quality and effectiveness.

Question 2

Scientific knowledge is generated through:
 
  a. authorities.
  b. borrowing from other disciplines.
  c. personal experience.
  d. research.

[otokexnaru]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Outcomes research is focused on the end results of care or determining changes in health status for patients.
Outcomes research is primarily concerned with patients and their families and is focused on the end results of care or determining changes in health.
Critical indicators would more likely come from quantitative research.
Quantitative research looks for predictive relationships.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Research is needed to provide a sound scientific basis for nursing. Other ways of knowing (e.g., tradition, authority, borrowing, trial and error) help to inform nursing knowledge, but knowledge based on factual information is necessary to develop scientific knowledge.
Authorities may contribute to scientific knowledge by conducting research, but not by their authority.
Borrowing does not generate scientific knowledge. Research is needed to provide a sound scientific basis for nursing.
Personal experience may lead one to conduct research, but does not by itself generate scientific knowledge.

[lunatika]

Great answer, keep it coming

[alvinum]

Wow, this really help