Answer to Question 1
An ideal response would be:
Most states prescribe the organization of the state parties, the means by which their officers are elected, the nomination process for president and other offices, and the requirements that party candidates must meet to get on the ballot. Election rules in general favor the two major parties over minor parties. Although Republican and Democratic candidates can count on being placed on the ballot, state laws typically require minor parties to garner a minimum number of votes in the previous election or submit a prescribed number of signatures of registered voters in order to appear on the ballot. States vary in the difficulty of ballot access for minor parties, depending on three factors: the number of signatures required, the time allowed collecting them, and whether signatures must be distributed across several counties.
Answer to Question 2
C