Answer to Question 1
An ideal response will:
1, Point out that a president is blocking the will of Congress by preventing a bill that has been passed from becoming law.
2, Explain that a presidential veto may be overridden by a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.
3, Explain that historically it has been difficult for Congress to override a presidential veto.
Answer to Question 2
An ideal response will:
1, Identify the four ways social movements can make politics more democratic: encouraging participation, overcoming political inequality, creating new majorities, and overcoming constitutional limitations on change.
2, Explain and provide an example of each. (1) Encouraging participationsocial movements may increase the level of popular involvement and interest in politics (e.g., the pro-immigration movement may yet spur increased political participation by Hispanics). (2) Overcoming political inequalitysocial movements sometimes allow individuals and groups without substantial resources to enter the game of politics through mass mobilization (e.g., women were able to mobilize to win the vote in the early part of the twentieth century). (3) Creating new majoritiesminoritie s should be able to get what they want if enough citizens think that what they want is reasonable (e.g., the Great Depression and the labor movement changed the opinion climate and created the basis for federal laws protecting the rights of working people to form labor unions). (4) Overcoming constitutional limitations on changethe American political system is designed in such a way that only determined and undoubted majorities can enact change (e.g., women's right to vote, equal citizenship rights for blacks, Social Security, collective bargaining, and environmental protection are the products of social movements started by determined and typically disruptive minorities).