Answer to Question 1
Answer: An ideal response will:
1. Define administrative adjudication as a quasi-judicial process whereby a federal agency determines whether an individual or organization has violated federal laws or regulations and whether penalties or corrective actions should be applied.
2. Provide one or more examples, such as the National Labor Relations Board settling disputes between labor and management on federal labor laws.
3. Note that these decisions can be appealed to the federal courts.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: An ideal response will:
1. Explain that the APA was enacted in 1946 to ensure that interested parties are able to provide input into the rule-making process.
2. Note that the APA outlines steps that agencies must follow when they issue rules. Specifically, the act requires that (1) public notice of the time, place, and nature of the rule-making proceedings be provided in the Federal Register; (2) interested parties be given the opportunity to submit written arguments and facts relevant to the rule; and (3) the statutory purpose and basis of the rule be stated. After rules are published, thirty days generally must elapse before they take effect.
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Under ideal conditions, a single cell of the bacterium E. coli would divide every 20 minutes to ...