Answer to Question 1
An ideal response will:
1. Note that the American Indian Movement and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) have both fought to protect Native American civil rights.
2. Describe how these groups have protested discrimination against Native Americans in housing, employment, health care, and farming, and have fought for equal treatment of Native American students in the public schools.
3. Discuss the issues the group still faces: unemployment on reservations, which continues to be about 50 percent; lack of adequate health care facilities, schools, and housing on some reservations; obtaining compensation for past injustices and more opportunities for tribal independence; and the need for greater vigilance in enforcing Indian treaty rights.
Answer to Question 2
An ideal response will:
1. Describe the techniques used, including poll taxes; literacy tests, in which African Americans were asked much more difficult questions than whites; whites-only primaries; racial gerrymandering, which was drawing election districts to ensure African Americans would be in a minority in all districts; and intimidation and violence.
2. Explain that the Supreme Court has ruled that race can be considered by legislatures when drawing electoral districts to increase the voting strength of minorities, but it cannot be the sole or predominant reason for drawing district lines; states must provide for districts that are roughly proportional to the minority voters' respective shares in the voting-age population.
Many former slaves understood that illiteracy was an implement of bondage. The Freedmen’s Bureau bui
A family of African Americans arrive in Chicago, migrants from the American South, in an exodus that
Common phlebotomy issues.
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Gypsy moths native to Europe and Asia feed on oaks through much of the United States.