Under the Civil Rights Act, religious institutions such as parochial schools may not consider religion in employment decisions.
Answer:
Question 2
Why did the Supreme Court strike down an affirmative action program in Gratz v. Bollinger (2003) but uphold a different affirmative action program in Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)?
a. The Gratz program was predicated on promoting diversity, while the Grutter program was predicated on remedying past discrimination.
b. The Gratz program used race as a plus factor, while the Grutter program relied on a race-based quota system.
c. The Gratz program used a mechanical, point-based system, while the Grutter program used race as part of an individualized, holistic review.
d. The Gratz program classified applicants by race, while the Grutter program classified applicants by ethnicity.
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