The development of a bureaucracy, expansion of educational opportunities, reduction in the spheres of social behavior in which religion and kinship play a role, and achievement replacing ascription as the basis for defining roles are all associated with:
a. modernization.
b. revitalization.
c. acculturation.
d. revolution.
e. syncretism.
Question 2
The term modernization:
a. is a relativistic rather than ethnocentric concept.
b. refers to the process of cultural and socioeconomic change whereby societies acquire the characteristics of industrialized societies.
c. refers to a global and all-encompassing process whereby modern cities development new types of subsistence.
d. can be used to show that all societies go through the same stages of evolutionary development, culminating in the urban-industrial state.
e. is not used by anthropologists.
