Answer to Question 1
In tribes, leadership is decided through kinship and also the institution of a bigman (a self-made individual); in chiefdoms, kinship plays a role, but the society has a centralized leadership. Thus, chiefly office is usually inherited and sustained by religious authority.
Answer to Question 2
It is a type of mediation found among the Kpelle in which an assembled group of kinsmen and neighbors come before a recognized mediator who hears all arguments and then comes to a consensus to resolve the dispute.
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