Author Question: Define the concept of development aggression and describe two ethnographic examples of it. What ... (Read 82 times)

justinmsk · **on:** Jul 10, 2018

Define the concept of development aggression and describe two ethnographic examples of it.

What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Explain the male bias in development. Using examples from the text or hypothetical examples, explain two ways it plays out in the design or implementation of a development project.

What will be an ideal response?

debra928 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 10, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Answer: The ideal answer will include:
1. Development aggression is the imposition of development projects and policies without the free, prior, and informed consent of the affected people. Many examples of development projects fit this definition.
2. One example from the text is the oil extraction in Nigeria's delta region.
3. The construction of dams such as the one in the Senegal River Valley is an example.
4. The planned resettlement programs, forced displacement of indigenous people in Southeast Asia, offer another example.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: The ideal answer will include:
1. The male bias in development refers to the design and implementation of development projects with men as beneficiaries and without regard to the impact of the projects on women's roles and status.
2. An example of the male bias in development is targeting a development intervention about improved agricultural practices toward men, on the Western assumption that men do the farming.
3. A second example is the reforestation project in Burkina Faso: The project designers did not account for gender roles and assumed men would have all responsibility over the plants, which was not the case.
4. Development organizations have also failed to take into account the danger of domestic violence that participation in, for instance, a micro-credit operation might entail.