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Before a vaccine is licensed in the USA, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews it for safety and effectiveness. The CDC then reviews all studies again, as well as the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Every lot of vaccine is tested before administration to the public, and the FDA regularly inspects vaccine manufacturers' facilities.
Human kidneys will clean about 1 million gallons of blood in an average lifetime.
Your chance of developing a kidney stone is 1 in 10. In recent years, approximately 3.7 million people in the United States were diagnosed with a kidney disease.
In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function, such as in acute kidney (renal) failure.
In 1844, Charles Goodyear obtained the first patent for a rubber condom.