Answer to Question 1
D
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A Incorrect. The ANA identifies elders greater than 85 years old as a group who can benefit from specialized nursing care.
B Incorrect. The ANA does not target female elders who live in nursing homes for specialized care, even though females are likely to represent the majority of eld-ers over 85 years old.
C Incorrect. The ANA specifies elders with limited financial and social resources.
D Correct. The ANA identifies as vulnerable elders over 85 years old and minori-ties and those with limited financial and social resources.
Answer to Question 2
A
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A Correct. With the passage of nationalized health care for elders, Medicare and Medicaid facilitated health care access to all citizens over 65 years old The health care access stimulated the transition of elder care away from families and to the federal government, thus stimulating the growth of the nursing home in-dustry.
B Incorrect. The Hartford Institute has sponsored significant improvements in ge-rontological nursing practice, research, and education.
C The ANA responded to changes in the care of elders with the advent of Medi-care.
D Incorrect. HMOs have had a significant impact on the management of care but were virtually nonexistent in the 1960s.
Comparison of Steps of the Nursing Process with the Research Process
Linkages between nursing outcomes
Effects of nursing rounds on patient safety
Nursing history for lung assessment
Standards of Gender
Nursing Interventions and Prochaska's Stages of Change